ML-DSA

• Algorithm type: Digital signature scheme.
• Main cryptographic assumption: hardness of lattice problems over module lattices.
• Principal submitters: Vadim Lyubashevsky.
• Auxiliary submitters: Shi Bai, Léo Ducas, Eike Kiltz, Tancrède Lepoint, Peter Schwabe, Gregor Seiler, Damien Stehlé.
• Authors’ website: https://pq-crystals.org/dilithium/ and https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/fips/204/final
• Specification version: ML-DSA.
• Primary Source:
  • Source: https://github.com/pq-code-package/mldsa-native/commit/f48f164cefb07f4ffa519ddda7cee670b8ee3517
  • Implementation license (SPDX-Identifier): MIT or Apache-2.0 or ISC
• Optimized Implementation sources:
  • x86_64:
    • Source: https://github.com/pq-code-package/mldsa-native/commit/f48f164cefb07f4ffa519ddda7cee670b8ee3517
    • Implementation license (SPDX-Identifier): MIT or Apache-2.0 or ISC
  • aarch64:
    • Source: https://github.com/pq-code-package/mldsa-native/commit/f48f164cefb07f4ffa519ddda7cee670b8ee3517
    • Implementation license (SPDX-Identifier): MIT or Apache-2.0 or ISC

Parameter set summary

Parameter set	Parameter set alias	Security model	Claimed NIST Level	Public key size (bytes)	Secret key size (bytes)	Signature size (bytes)
ML-DSA-44	NA	SUF-CMA	2	1312	2560	2420
ML-DSA-65	NA	SUF-CMA	3	1952	4032	3309
ML-DSA-87	NA	SUF-CMA	5	2592	4896	4627

ML-DSA-44 implementation characteristics

Implementation source	Identifier in upstream	Supported architecture(s)	Supported operating system(s)	CPU extension(s) used	No branching-on-secrets claimed?	No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind?	Large stack usage?‡
Primary Source	ref	All	All	None	True	True	False
Primary Source	x86_64	x86_64	Linux,Darwin	AVX2,BMI2,POPCNT	True	True	False
Primary Source	aarch64	ARM64_V8	Linux,Darwin	None	True	False	False

Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? Yes.

‡For an explanation of what this denotes, consult the Explanation of Terms section at the end of this file.

ML-DSA-65 implementation characteristics

Implementation source	Identifier in upstream	Supported architecture(s)	Supported operating system(s)	CPU extension(s) used	No branching-on-secrets claimed?	No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind?	Large stack usage?
Primary Source	ref	All	All	None	True	True	False
Primary Source	x86_64	x86_64	Linux,Darwin	AVX2,BMI2,POPCNT	True	True	False
Primary Source	aarch64	ARM64_V8	Linux,Darwin	None	True	False	False

Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? Yes.

ML-DSA-87 implementation characteristics

Implementation source	Identifier in upstream	Supported architecture(s)	Supported operating system(s)	CPU extension(s) used	No branching-on-secrets claimed?	No branching-on-secrets checked by valgrind?	Large stack usage?
Primary Source	ref	All	All	None	True	True	False
Primary Source	x86_64	x86_64	Linux,Darwin	AVX2,BMI2,POPCNT	True	True	False
Primary Source	aarch64	ARM64_V8	Linux,Darwin	None	True	False	False

Are implementations chosen based on runtime CPU feature detection? Yes.

Explanation of Terms

• Large Stack Usage: Implementations identified as having such may cause failures when running in threads or in constrained environments.